Page 157 - Hong Kong Housing Society 香港房屋協會 - Annual Report 2019 年報

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2.4 Summary of significant accounting policies 2.4 主要會計政策概要（續）

(continued)
Cash and cash equivalents 現金及現金等價物

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand, 現金及現金等價物包括銀行存款及現
demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and 金、存放於銀行及其他財務機構的活
short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into 期存款，以及短期而具高流動性的投
known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk 資。這些投資可以隨時換算為已知及
of changes in value, having been within three months of maturity at 價值變動風險不大、並在購入後三個
acquisition. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form 月內到期之現金額。就擬備現金流量
an integral part of the Housing Society’s cash management are also 表而言，現金及現金等價物也包括須
included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the 於接獲通知時償還，並構成房屋協會
purpose of the statement of cash flows. 現金管理一部份的銀行透支。

Provisions 準備

Provisions are recognised when the Housing Society has a present 當過往的事項導致房屋協會須負法律
legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, and it is 或推定責任，而且日後有可能需要撥
probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle that 付資源償付有關責任所涉及之款項，
obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are 在該款項能夠可靠地予以估計的情況
measured at the management’s best estimate of the expenditure 下，該款項會提呈準備。準備是管理
required to settle the obligation at the end of the reporting period, 層於報告期末作出在償付有關責任所
and are discounted to present value where the effect is material. 涉及之款項的最佳估計，當折現影響
重大時，該款項將貼現至現值入賬。

Where it is not probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be 倘若含有經濟效益的資源外流的可能
required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the obligation 性較低，或是無法對有關數額作出可
is disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of outflow 靠的估計，則需將該責任披露為或然
of economic benefits is remote. Possible obligations, whose existence 負債；但假如這類經濟效益資源外流
will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one 的可能性極低者則除外。當須視乎某
or more future events, are also disclosed as contingent liabilities 宗或多宗未來事件是否發生才能確定
unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote. 存在與否的潛在責任，亦會被披露為
或然負債；但假如這經濟效益資源外
流的可能性極低者則除外。

香港房屋協會 2018/19 年度年報